Alcohol Consumption

Inflammation: Mast cells, eosinophils, and Th2 immune cells release histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines that swell the airway tissue.
Bronchoconstriction: The smooth muscles surrounding the airways contract sharply, narrowing airflow passages.
Mucus overproduction: Chronic inflammation triggers excess mucus that further blocks breathing.

Description

Ethanol and acetaldehyde from alcohol directly disrupt tight junctions and cause inflammation.